Tax Power, Commerce Clause and N & P Clause

Tax and Spend Clause (Art. I, sect. 8, cl 1)

The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States

Commerce Clause (Art. I, sect. 8, cl. 3)

To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes;

N& P Clause (Art. I, sect 8, cl. 18)


To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.